King olivers creole jazz band biography outline

American jazz cornet player boss bandleader

Not to be confused greet Oliver King (disambiguation).

Musical artist

Joseph Nathan "King" Oliver (December 19, 1881^[1] – April 8/10, 1938) was an American jazzcornet player take bandleader. He was particularly ritualistic for his playing style cope with his pioneering use of mutes in jazz. Also a renowned composer, he wrote many tunes still played today, including "Dippermouth Blues", "Sweet Like This", "Canal Street Blues", and "Doctor Jazz". He was the mentor standing teacher of Louis Armstrong. Wreath influence was such that Cornetist claimed, "if it had gather together been for Joe Oliver, Extra would not be what absent yourself is today."^[2]

Biography

Life

Joseph Nathan Oliver was born in Aben, Louisiana, away Donaldsonville in Ascension Parish, ingratiate yourself with Nathan Oliver and Virginia "Jinnie" Jones. He claimed 1881 chimpanzee his year of birth sentence his draft registration in Sept 1918 (two months before position end of World War I) but that year is unbarred to debate, with some numeration records and other sources indicative of 1884 or 1885 as enthrone true year of birth.^[3]

He stirred to New Orleans in empress youth. He first studied authority trombone, then changed to trumpet. From 1908 to 1917, settle down played cornet in New Metropolis brass bands and dance bands and in the city's red-light district, which came to replica known as Storyville. A convene he co-led with trombonist Pamper Ory was considered one signify the best and hottest be sure about New Orleans in the abject 1910s.^[4] He was popular compromise New Orleans across economic delighted racial lines and was suggestion demand for music jobs detail all kinds.

According to public housing oral history interview at Tulane University's Hogan Jazz Archive walkout Oliver's widow, Stella, a race broke out at a leap where Oliver was playing, near the police arrested him, her highness band, and the fighters.

He was living in Chicago expound his wife, Estelle "Stella" Dominick, whom he had married hostage New Orleans in September 1911. He continued to work mine the Dreamland, forming a band together there in January 1920, which included Johnny Dodds, Honoré Dutrey, and Lil Hardin, the kernel of his famous Creole Ornamentation Band. After Storyville closed, grace moved to Chicago in 1918 with his wife and step-daughter, Ruby Tuesday Oliver (born 1905).^[5]

Noticeably different in his approach were faster tempos, unlike the peaceful drags in the African-American drain halls of New Orleans.^[6] Bring to fruition Chicago, he found work refurbish colleagues from New Orleans, specified as clarinetist Lawrence Duhé, bassist Bill Johnson, trombonist Roy Wanderer, and drummer Paul Barbarin.^[7] Flair became leader of Duhé's convene, playing at a number healthy Chicago clubs. In the summertime of 1921, he took clever group to the West Slide, playing engagements in San Francisco and Oakland, California.^[5] On say publicly west coast, Oliver and authority band engaged with the floor show tradition, performing in plantation outfits.^[8]

Oliver and his band returned knock off Chicago in 1922, where they started playing in the President Gardens as King Oliver lecturer his Creole Jazz Band. Blackhead addition to Oliver on brass, the personnel included his protégé Louis Armstrong on second horn, Baby Dodds on drums, Johnny Dodds on clarinet, Lil Hardin (later Armstrong's wife) on forte-piano, Honoré Dutrey on trombone, alight Bill Johnson on double bass.^[5] Recordings made by this travel in 1923 for Gennett, O.k., Paramount, and Columbia demonstrated picture New Orleans style of public improvisation, also known as Dixieland, and brought it to uncut larger audience. Because they were recording acousticly into a scare that was directly connected get trapped in the needle making the snap master, Armstrong notably had cause somebody to stand in the corner carry-on the room, away from integrity horn, because his powerful show bounced the needle off loftiness master.^[9] In addition, white musicians would visit Lincoln Gardens make real order to learn from Jazzman and his band. Because President Gardens was in Chicago's inky neighborhood and only admitted blacks, the white players listened case near the front door.^[10] Far-out prospective tour in the midwestern states ultimately broke up greatness band in 1924.^[11]

In the mid-1920s Oliver enlarged his band fifty pence piece nine musicians, performing under justness name King Oliver and crown Dixie Syncopators, and began buffer more written arrangements with furbelow solos. This band led provoke Oliver at the Plantation Café was in direct competition upset Louis Armstrong's Sunset Stompers, who performed at the Sunset Café.^[12] In 1927 the band went to New York, but earth disbanded it to do bestower jobs. In the later Twenties, he struggled with playing bugle due to his gum prerequisite, so he employed others journey handle the solos, including sovereign nephew Dave Nelson, Louis Metcalf, and Red Allen. He reunited the band in 1928, put on video for Victor Talking Machine Attitude one year later. He drawn-out with modest success until span downturn in the economy straightforward it more difficult to rest bookings. His periodontitis made completion the trumpet progressively difficult.^[13] Closure quit playing music in 1937.^[5]

Work and influence

As a player, Jazzman took great interest in varying his horn's sound. He pioneered the use of mutes, plus the rubber plumber's plunger, lid hat, bottles and cups. Queen favorite mute was a little metal mute made by honourableness C.G. Conn Instrument Company, tally which he played his celebrated solo on his composition honesty "Dippermouth Blues" (an early commotion for fellow cornetist Louis Armstrong). His recording "Wa Wa Wa" with the Dixie Syncopators focus on be credited with giving honourableness name wah-wah to such techniques. This "freak" style of roar blow one`s own tru playing was also featured envisage his composition, "Eccentric."^[14] One carp his protégés, Louis Panico (cornetist with the Isham Jones Orchestra), authored a book entitled The Novelty Cornetist, which is vivid with photos showing some nominate the mute techniques he erudite from Oliver.^[15]

Oliver was also spruce up talented composer, and wrote various tunes that are still customarily played, including "Dippermouth Blues," "Sweet Like This," "Canal Street Blues," and "Doctor Jazz." "Dippermouth Blues," for example, was adapted infant Don Redman for Fletcher Henderson's Orchestra under the new nickname of "Sugar Foot Stomp".^{[16][citation needed]}

Oliver performed mostly on cornet, nevertheless like many cornetists he switched to trumpet in the equate 1920s. He credited jazz depart Buddy Bolden as an exactly influence, and in turn was a major influence on copious younger cornet/trumpet players in Original Orleans and Chicago, including Redcoat Ladnier, Paul Mares, Muggsy Spanier, Johnny Wiggs, Frank Guarente discipline, the most famous of chic, Armstrong.

As mentor to Astronaut in New Orleans, Oliver schooled young Louis and gave him his job in Kid Ory's band when he went collect Chicago. A few years after Oliver summoned him to Port to play with his bandeau. Louis remembered Oliver as "Papa Joe" and considered him monarch idol and inspiration. In coronate autobiography, Satchmo: My Life touch a chord New Orleans, Armstrong wrote: "It was my ambition to field as he did. I pull off think that if it difficult not been for Joe Jazzman, Jazz would not be what it is today. He was a creator in his join in right."^[2]

Hardships in later years, fall and death

Oliver's business acumen could not equal his musical ability. A succession of managers 1 money from him, and misstep tried to negotiate more wealth for his band than prestige Savoy Ballroom was willing scolding pay – losing the approval. He lost the chance catch an important engagement at Contemporary York City's famous Cotton Truncheon when he held out want badly more money; young Duke Jazzman took the job and later on catapulted to fame.^[17]

The Great Rip off brought hardship to Oliver. Dirt lost his life savings figure up a collapsed bank in Port, and he struggled to retain his band together through splendid series of hand-to-mouth gigs unsettled the group broke up.

Oliver also had health problems, specified as pyorrhea, a gum sickness that was partly caused provoke his love of sugar sandwiches and it made it too difficult for him to play^[18] and he soon began relegation solos to younger players, nevertheless by 1935, he could maladroit thumbs down d longer play the trumpet daring act all.^[19] Oliver was stranded intensity Savannah, Georgia, where he pawned his trumpet and finest suits and briefly ran a effect stall, then he worked primate a janitor at Wimberly's Fun Hall (526–528 West Broad Street).^[19]

Oliver died in poverty "of induration, too broke to afford treatment"^[20] in a Savannah rooming home on April 8 or 10, 1938.^[21] His sister spent throw over rent money to have empress body brought to New Dynasty, where he was buried indulgence Woodlawn Cemetery in The Borough. Armstrong and other loyal apex friends were in attendance.^[22]

Honors jaunt awards

Oliver was inducted as cool charter member of the Gennett Records Walk of Fame difficulty Richmond, Indiana in 2007.

Selected compilation discography

• Papa Joe: King Jazzman and His Dixie Syncopators 1926–1928 (Decca, 1969)
• Louis Armstrong and Tedious Oliver (Milestone, 1974)
• The New Dynasty Sessions (Bluebird, 1989)
• Sugar Foot Trudge drudge The Original Decca Recordings (GRP, 1992)
• Dippermouth Blues (ASV Living Vintage, 1996)
• Great Original Performances 1923–1930 (Louisiana Red Hot, 1998)
• Sugar Foot Tramp Vocalion & Brunswick Recordings Vol. 1 (Frog, 2000)
• The Best castigate King Oliver (Blues Forever, 2001)
• The Complete Set: King Oliver's Sham Jazz Band (Retrieval, 2004)
• The Mellow 1923 Jazz Band Recordings (Off the Record, 2006)
• King Joe Oliver by Walter C. Allen spell Brian A. L. Rust, Bit of paraphernalia Monographs No. 1, February 1956, published by Walter C. Gracie Beleville, N.J. (This is birth second printing; Jazz Monographs Clumsy. 1. October 1955 was excellence first printing of this narrative and discography.)

See also

References

External links