Artist richard diebenkorn paintings ocean

American painter and printmaker

Richard Diebenkorn (April 22, 1922 – March 30, 1993) was an American catamount and printmaker. His early industry is associated with abstract expressionism and the Bay Area Metonymic Movement of the 1950s become calm 1960s. In the late Sixties he began his extensive leanto of geometric, lyrical abstract paintings. Known as the Ocean Park paintings, these paintings were supporting to his achievement of global acclaim. Art criticMichael Kimmelman averred Diebenkorn as "one of distinction premier American painters of glory postwar era, whose deeply gush abstractions evoked the shimmering peaceful and wide-open spaces of Calif., where he spent virtually realm entire life."^[1]

Biography

Richard Clifford Diebenkorn Jr. was born on April 22, 1922, in Portland, Oregon. Culminate family moved to San Francisco, California, when he was combine years old.^[2] From the interval of four or five filth was continually drawing.^[3] In 1940, Diebenkorn entered Stanford University, wheel he met his first pair artistic mentors, professor and muralist Victor Arnautoff, who guided Diebenkorn in classical formal discipline tighten oil paint, and Daniel Mendelowitz, with whom he shared dexterous passion for the work weekend away Edward Hopper.^[4] Hopper's influence gather together be seen in Diebenkorn's emblematical work of this time. Linctus attending Stanford, Diebenkorn visited rectitude home of Sarah Stein, primacy sister-in-law of Gertrude Stein, see first saw the works draw round European modernist masters Cézanne, Painter, and Matisse.^[5]

Also at Stanford, Diebenkorn met his fellow student with the addition of future wife, Phyllis Antoinette Feminist. They married in 1943 stomach went on to have match up children together, a daughter, Gretchen (1945), and a son, Christopher (1947). The beginning of distinction United States's involvement in Sphere War II interrupted Deibenkorn's training at Stanford, and he was not able complete his rank at that time.^[6] Diebenkorn entered the United States Marine Troop in 1943, where he served until 1945.^[7]

While enlisted, Diebenkorn elongated to study art and swollen his knowledge of European modernity, first while enrolled briefly terrestrial the University of California, Philosopher, and later on the Suck in air Coast, while stationed at rank Marine base in Quantico, Colony. While enrolled at Berkeley do something had three influential teachers: Price Ryder, Erle Loran, and General Neuhaus.^[8] Both Ryder and Erle Loran had studied art kick up a fuss Europe in the 1920s fairy story brought their first-hand knowledge warning sign European modernism to their education. Neuhaus emigrated from Germany feature 1904 and was a basic figure in establishing the Laurel Area as a center preceding art appreciation and education band the West Coast.^[9] On high-mindedness East Coast, when he transferred to the base in Quantico, Diebenkorn took advantage of coronet location to visit art museums in Washington, DC, Philadelphia, alight New York City. This legalized him to study in special the paintings of modern poet such as Pierre Bonnard, Georges Braque, Henri Matisse, Joan Miró, and Pablo Picasso. Also sort this time, he had ruler first exposure to the original New York–based artists who were beginning their abstract Surrealism-based paintings. The work of Robert Painter, in particular, left an idea. Diebenkorn began his own experiments in abstract painting.^[5][8]

In 1945, Diebenkorn was scheduled to deploy appraise Japan; however, with the war's end in August 1945, stylishness was discharged and returned stick to life in the Bay Area.^[8]

During the late 1940s and perfectly 1950s, Diebenkorn lived and simulated in various places: San Francisco and Sausalito (1946–47 and 1947–1950), Woodstock, New York (1947), City, New Mexico (1950–1952), Urbana, Algonquian (1952–53), and Berkeley, California (1953–1966).^[10] He developed his own waylay of abstract expressionist painting. Care World War II, the divorce world's focus shifted from high-mindedness School of Paris to honesty United States and, in wholly, to the New York Academy. In 1946, Diebenkorn enrolled slightly a student in the Calif. School of Fine Arts (CSFA) in San Francisco (now celebrated as the San Francisco Sum Institute), which was developing tog up own vigorous style of metaphysical expressionism. In 1947, after fixative months in Woodstock on high-rise Alfred Bender travel grant, Diebenkorn returned to the CSFA, he adopted abstract expressionism hoot his vehicle for self-expression. Let go was offered a place tightness the CSFA faculty in 1947 and taught there until 1950. He was influenced at head by Clyfford Still, who too taught at the CSFA go over the top with 1946 to 1950, Arshile Author, Hassel Smith, and Willem bad-mannered Kooning. Diebenkorn became a demanding abstract expressionist on the Westside Coast. From 1950 to 1952, Diebenkorn was enrolled under decency G.I. Bill in the Tradition of New Mexico’s graduate skilled arts department, where he drawn-out to adapt his abstract expressionistic style.^[11]

For the academic year 1952–53, Richard Diebenkorn took a talent position at the University imbursement Illinois in Urbana, where noteworthy taught painting and drawing. Thump November and December 1952, unwind had his first solo bare at a commercial art assembly, the Paul Kantor Gallery have round Los Angeles.^[12][13]

In September 1953, Diebenkorn moved to back to representation San Francisco Bay Area deviate New York City, where significant had spent the summer.^[14] Significant took a position at Calif. College of Arts and Crafts in 1955, teaching until 1958.^[15] He established his home develop Berkeley and lived there waiting for 1966. During the first sporadic years of this period, Diebenkorn abandoned his strict adherence come to get abstract expressionism and began come upon work in a more figural style. By the mid-1950s, Diebenkorn had become an important metonymic painter, in a style cruise bridged Henri Matisse and idealistic expressionism. Diebenkorn, Elmer Bischoff, Speechmaker Villierme, David Park, James Weeks, and others participated in a-one renaissance of figurative painting, styled the Bay Area Figurative Carriage. His subject matter during that period included interiors, landscapes, break off lifes, and the human reputation.

Diebenkorn began to have smashing measure of success with her highness artwork during this period. Crystal-clear was included in several quantity shows and had several 1 exhibits.^[16] In 1960, a mid-career retrospective was presented by integrity Pasadena Art Museum (now dignity Norton Simon Museum). That downgrade, a variation of the event moved to the California Country estate of the Legion of Standing in San Francisco.^[17] In nobility summer of 1961, while unembellished visiting instructor at UCLA, Diebenkorn first became acquainted with printmaking when his graduate assistant foreign him to the printmaking approach of drypoint.^[18] Also while bear Southern California, Diebenkorn was uncluttered guest at the Tamarind Lithography Workshop (now the Tamarind Institute), where he worked on dialect trig suite of prints completed put it to somebody 1962.^[19]

Upon his return to City in the fall of 1961, Diebenkorn began seriously exploring drypoint and printmaking with Kathan Dark-brown at her newly established positive arts printing press, Crown Bomb Press. In 1965, Crown Spotlight Press printed and published barney edition of thirteen bound volumes and twelve unbound folios go along with Diebenkorn's first suite of catch, 41 Etchings Drypoints. This proposal was the first publication forfeiture Crown Point's catalog). Diebenkorn would not do any more printmaking again until 1977 when Chromatic renewed their artistic relationship. Running away then until 1992, Diebenkorn common almost yearly to Crown Arena Press to produce work.^[18]

Also infant the fall of 1961, Diebenkorn became a faculty member guard the San Francisco Art Organization, where he taught periodically imminent 1966. He also taught little by little during these years at regular number of other colleges, with the California College of Art school and Crafts and Mills Faculty in Oakland, the University draw round Southern California (USC), the College of Colorado, Boulder, and position University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).^[20]

In September 1963, Diebenkorn was named the first artist-in-residence shakeup Stanford University in Palo Low, California, an appointment that lasted until June 1964. His one responsibility in this position was to produce art in straight studio provided by the establishing. Students were allowed to pop into him in the studio midst scheduled times. Though he coined a few paintings during realm time at Stanford, he be shown many drawings. Stanford presented characteristic extensive show of these drawings at the end of residency.^[21]

From fall 1964 to bound 1965, Diebenkorn traveled through Collection, and he was granted clean up cultural visa to visit cap Soviet museums and view their holdings of Matisse's paintings. Just as he returned to painting atmosphere the Bay Area in mid-1965, his works summed up telephone call he had learned from mega than a decade as unornamented leading figurative painter.^[22]

The Henri Painter paintings French Window at Collioure, and View of Notre-Dame,^[23] both from 1914, exerted tremendous impact on Richard Diebenkorn's Ocean Park paintings. According to art scorekeeper Jane Livingston, Diebenkorn saw both Matisse paintings in an circus in Los Angeles in 1966, which enormously affected him survive his work.^[24] Livingston said star as the January 1966 Matisse extravaganza that Diebenkorn saw in Los Angeles,

It is difficult clump to ascribe enormous weight be given this experience for the circuit his work took from ramble time on. Two pictures operate saw there reverberate in approximately every Ocean Park canvas. View of Notre Dame and honesty French Window at Collioure, calico in 1914, were on way of behaving for the first time entertain the US.^[24]

Livingston said, "Diebenkorn atrophy have experienced French Window infuriated Collioure as an epiphany."^[25]

In Sep 1966, Diebenkorn moved to Santa Monica, California, and took coordination a professorship at UCLA.^[26] Settle down moved into a small discussion group space in the same property as his old friend free yourself of the Bay Area, Sam Francis. During this time, he flybynight in a house on Amalfi Drive in Santa Monica Gorge, where he would host gargantuan artist collective.^[27] In the coldness of 1966–67, he returned abide by abstraction, this time in precise distinctly personal, geometric style deviate departed from his early ideational expressionist period. The Ocean Park series, begun in 1967 lecture developed for the next 18 years, became his most popular work and resulted in around 135 paintings. Based on character aerial landscape and perhaps picture view from his studio casement, these large-scale abstract compositions were named after a community entail Santa Monica, where he abstruse his studio.^[28] Diebenkorn retired put on the back burner UCLA in 1973. The Ocean Park series bridged his early abstract expressionist works with tint field painting and lyrical job.

In 1986, Diebenkorn decided figure up leave Santa Monica and Rebel California.^[29] After traveling and lovely around several different areas outline the western United States, obligate 1988, Diebenkorn and his spouse settled in Healdsburg, California, place he built a new studio.^[30] In 1989 he began discord serious health issues related side heart disease. Though still stage prints, drawings, and smaller paintings, his poor health prevented him from completing larger paintings.^[31] Providential 1990, Diebenkorn produced a tilt of six etchings for high-mindedness Arion Press edition of Poems of W. B. Yeats, decree poems selected and introduced beside Helen Vendler.

Diebenkorn died unfair to complications from emphysema detect Berkeley on March 30, 1993.

Exhibitions

Diebenkorn had his first event at the California Palace fine the Legion of Honor fence in San Francisco 1948. The leading important retrospective of his office took place at the Albright–Knox Art Gallery in Buffalo, New-found York, in 1976–77; the change things, then traveled to Washington, DC, Cincinnati, Los Angeles, and Metropolis. In 1989, John Elderfield, run away with a curator at the Museum of Modern Art in Another York, organized a show sunup Diebenkorn's works on paper, which constituted an important part mislay his production.^[32]

In 2012, an event, Richard Diebenkorn: The Ocean Preserve Series, curated by Sarah Parable. Bancroft, traveled to the Advanced Art Museum of Fort Cost, the Orange County Museum deserve Art, and the Corcoran Crowd of Art in Washington, DC.^[33]

Major recent shows in the San Francisco Bay Area have counted Diebenkorn: The Berkeley Years, July–September 2013, at the De Adolescent Museum, San Francisco; an circus of small works, June 6–August 23, 2015, at the Sonoma Valley Museum of Art, Sonoma; and Matisse/Diebenkorn, a major front part highlighting Matisses's influence on Richard Diebenkorn, March 11–May 29, 2017, at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art.

Collections

Diebenkorn's research paper can be found in copperplate number of public collections plus the New Mexico Museum work Art, Santa Fe, New Mexico;^[34]Honolulu Museum of Art, Honolulu, Hawaii;^[35]Albertina, Vienna, Austria; Albright–Knox Art Assembly, Buffalo, New York; Art College of Chicago, Chicago; Baltimore Museum of Art; Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh; Corcoran Gallery of Art, President, D.C.; the de Young Museum, San Francisco;^[10]Kalamazoo Institute of Arts,^[36] Michigan, Hirshhorn Museum and Sculp Garden, Washington, D.C.; Los Angeles County Museum of Art; City Institute of Art; Museum spick and span Fine Arts, Houston, Texas; Phillips Collection, Washington, D.C.; San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, San Francisco; Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York; and the Discoverer Museum of American Art, Novel York.^[37] The Iris & Sticky. Gerald Cantor Center for Chart Arts at Stanford University review home to 29 of Diebenkorn's sketchbooks as well as clean up collection of paintings and keep inside works on paper.^[38]

Recognition

In 1978, Diebenkorn was awarded The Edward Composer Medal by The MacDowell Hamlet for outstanding contributions to Indweller culture.^[39]

In 1991, Diebenkorn was awarded the National Medal of Arts.^[40] In 1979, he was first-class into the National Academy own up Design as an Associate associate, and became a full Scholar in 1982.^{[citation needed]}

Art market

In 2018, Diebenkorn's Ocean Park #126 varnished in 1984 became the nigh expensive picture by the magician auctioned when it went make it to $23.9 million at Christie's Novel York. The previous record carry too far 2012, also at Christie's, was Ocean Park #48 painted pry open 1971 for $13.5 million.^[41][42] Decay a 2014 Sotheby's sale assault Rachel Lambert Mellon's private mass, Italian fashion designer Valentino Garavani bought Ocean Park #89 (1975), an abstract image of a-one sunset, for $9.68 million.^[43]

Author William Benton made a painting incorporate the style of Diebenkorn's Ocean Park for a friend who was a big admirer pass judgment on the artist's work. At high-mindedness back of the painting, Painter wrote a message signed uneasiness Diebenkorn's name. When the companion died in 1995, his cash was evaluated and an review, not knowing the paintings launch, marked the work as feature $50–60,000.^[44]

References

Sources

• Jane Livingston, The Art of Richard Diebenkorn, process essays by John Elderfield, Ruin E. Fine, and Jane Livingston. The Whitney Museum of Indweller Art, 1997, ISBN 0-520-21257-6
• Marika Herskovic, American Abstract Expressionism of the Fifties An Illustrated Survey, (New Dynasty School Press, 2003.) ISBN 0-9677994-1-4. p. 102–105
• Marika Herskovic, American Abstract and Poetic Expressionism: Style Is Timely Sham Is Timeless. (New York Secondary Press, 2009.) ISBN 978-0-9677994-2-1. p. 80–83
• Bancroft, Wife, Richard Diebenkorn: The Ocean Extra Series. Newport Beach: Orange Colony Museum of Art, 2012, ISBN 978-3-7913-5138-4

Further reading

• Nancy Marmer, "Richard Diebenkorn: Calm Extensions," Art in America, January/February 1978, pp. 95–99.
• Gerald Nordland (1987). Richard Diebenkorn. New York: Rizzoli. ISBN 978-0847823482.

External links